Blake Patterson<p>Yesterday, the five <br>Northern Virginia school districts heroically stood up to the harmful and hateful measures coming from the current administration, and in regards to Title IX and the treatment of it students, including those who are trasngender. </p><p>And, of course, the current administration has begun the process of cutting funding to these schools, as promised.</p><p>Hopefully these schools will soon provide information in regards to how the public can contribute funds to aid the schools, helping them -- among other things -- provide free breakfasts to so many that depend upon them (a great many, in my daughter's Alexandria City High School, I can attest). </p><p>Here's a glimpse of "the future" I must say I did not expect -- the public asking to help fund schools directly so that their students don't go hungry because of draconian moves of oppression by the U.S. Government. </p><p>Is this part of the "GREAT" that the MAGA deplorables have been so eager to see realized? That, presumably, most of the U.S. is giddy to see?</p><p><a href="https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/northern-virginia/education-dept-to-start-northern-virginia-school-funding-cuts-over-transgender-policies/3975884/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nbcwashington.com/news/local/n</span><span class="invisible">orthern-virginia/education-dept-to-start-northern-virginia-school-funding-cuts-over-transgender-policies/3975884/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/NOVA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NOVA</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/ACHS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ACHS</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/ACPS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ACPS</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/AlexandriaVA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AlexandriaVA</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/DMV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DMV</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/deplorables" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>deplorables</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/Government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Government</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/feedthechildren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>feedthechildren</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/help" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>help</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/TitleIX" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>TitleIX</span></a> <a href="https://oldbytes.space/tags/LGBTQ" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LGBTQ</span></a></p>
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der.hans<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://universeodon.com/@georgetakei" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>georgetakei</span></a></span> PBS depends on viewers like us</p><p><a href="https://www.pbs.org/viewers-like-me/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">pbs.org/viewers-like-me/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/PBS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>PBS</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/SesameStreet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>SesameStreet</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Nova</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/ReadingRainbow" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ReadingRainbow</span></a></p>
Chris Geoghooligan<p>I’m casually looking, but if you or a colleague are looking for someone w/ a 10y background in <a href="https://toot.community/tags/ReliabilityEngineering" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ReliabilityEngineering</span></a> (<a href="https://toot.community/tags/manufacturing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>manufacturing</span></a>, not software) & a burgeoning skill set in <a href="https://toot.community/tags/Data" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Data</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/Analytics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Analytics</span></a> (halfway through <a href="https://toot.community/tags/GaTech" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>GaTech</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/OMSA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>OMSA</span></a> ), please do tell. I’m in the <a href="https://toot.community/tags/DC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DC</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/DMV" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DMV</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/NoVa" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NoVa</span></a> area & am not willing to relocate. I can travel when needed & work remotely otherwise. I can share a resume or <a href="https://toot.community/tags/LinkedIn" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>LinkedIn</span></a> profile upon request.<br><a href="https://toot.community/tags/GetFediHired" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>GetFediHired</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/FediHire" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FediHire</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/FediHired" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FediHired</span></a><br><a href="https://toot.community/tags/DataScience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DataScience</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/DataAnalytics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DataAnalytics</span></a> <a href="https://toot.community/tags/PowerBI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>PowerBI</span></a></p>
grobi<p>10 Years ago ..</p><p>2016 February 9</p><p>The Rise and Fall of Supernova 2015F<br> * Video Credit & Copyright: Changsu Choi & Myungshin Im (Seoul National University)<br><a href="https://physics.snu.ac.kr/en" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">physics.snu.ac.kr/en</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p><p>Explanation: <br>Sit back and watch a star explode. The actual supernova occurred back when dinosaurs roamed the Earth, but images of the spectacular event began arriving last year. Supernova 2015F was discovered in nearby spiral galaxy NGC 2442 by Berto Monard in 2015 March and was unusually bright -- enough to be seen with only a small telescope. The pattern of brightness variation indicated a Type Ia supernova -- a type of stellar explosion that results when an Earth-size white dwarf gains so much mass that its core crosses the threshold of nuclear fusion, possibly caused by a lower mass white-dwarf companion spiraling into it. Finding and tracking Type Ia supernovae are particularly important because their intrinsic brightness can be calibrated, making their apparent brightness a good measure of their distance -- and hence useful toward calibrating the distance scale of the entire universe. The featured video tracked the stellar disruption from before explosion images arrived, as it brightened, and for several months as the fission-powered supernova glow faded. The remnants of SN2015F are now too dim to see without a large telescope. Just yesterday, however, the night sky lit up once again, this time with an even brighter supernova in an even closer galaxy: Centaurus A.</p><p><a href="https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/random_apod.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">apod.nasa.gov/apod/random_apod</span><span class="invisible">.html</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/supernova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>supernova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/ESA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ESA</span></a></p>
grobi<p>This video begins with a ground-based view of the constellation Lyra and zooms into Hubble’s image of the Ring Nebula. It ends with a 3-D model that showcases the structure of the nebula.</p><p>Credit: <br>NASA, ESA, and G. Bacon, F. Summers and Mary Estacion (STScI)</p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>2021 August 18<br>The picture shows a wide field image M57, the Ring Nebula, showing several outer rings not normally seen. </p><p>Rings Around the Ring Nebula<br> * Image Credit: Hubble, Large Binocular Telescope, Subaru Telescope<br><a href="https://hla.stsci.edu/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">hla.stsci.edu/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="http://www.lbto.org/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">http://www.</span><span class="">lbto.org/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://subarutelescope.org/en/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">subarutelescope.org/en/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a>; <br> * Composition & Copyright: Robert Gendler<br><a href="http://www.robgendlerastropics.com/Biography2.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">http://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">robgendlerastropics.com/Biogra</span><span class="invisible">phy2.html</span></a></p><p>Explanation: <br>The Ring Nebula (M57), is more complicated than it appears through a small telescope. The easily visible central ring is about one light-year across, but this remarkably deep exposure - a collaborative effort combining data from three different large telescopes - explores the looping filaments of glowing gas extending much farther from the nebula's central star. This composite image includes red light emitted by hydrogen as well as visible and infrared light. The Ring Nebula is an elongated planetary nebula, a type of nebula created when a Sun-like star evolves to throw off its outer atmosphere to become a white dwarf star. The Ring Nebula is about 2,500 light-years away toward the musical constellation Lyra. <br><a href="http://www.robgendlerastropics.com/M57-HST-LBT.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">http://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">robgendlerastropics.com/M57-HS</span><span class="invisible">T-LBT.html</span></a></p><p><a href="https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/random_apod.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">apod.nasa.gov/apod/random_apod</span><span class="invisible">.html</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/flowers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>flowers</span></a></p>
MOE ZINE<p><a href="https://www.moezine.com/1975694/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">moezine.com/1975694/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> サウジアラビアのブランド「アウェイクン」、ポルトファッションウィーク最終日のショーでポルトガルデビュー – FashionNetwork 日本 掲載日 2025年7月7日 2019年にサウジアラビアの首都リヤドで立ち上げられたレーベル「Awaken」のクリエイティブ・ディレクター兼創設者であるKhalid Al Masoud氏は、数日前にパリのラ・サマリテーヌで <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/fashion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>fashion</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/fashionnetwork" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>fashionnetwork</span></a>、ファッション <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/FashionNetwork" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FashionNetwork</span></a>.com <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/MUSE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>MUSE</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/NOVA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NOVA</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/vila" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>vila</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%91%E3%83%AC%E3%83%AB" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>アパレル</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ショー</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%86%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>テキスタイル</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>トレンド</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ニュース</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%93%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ビジネス</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ファッション</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>フランス</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ブランド</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>マーケット</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ランウェイ</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E5%8C%96%E7%B2%A7%E5%93%81" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>化粧品</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E5%B0%8F%E5%A3%B2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>小売</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E6%A5%AD%E7%95%8C" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>業界</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>海外</span></a> <a href="https://ol2ol.com/tags/%E7%B9%8A%E7%B6%AD" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>繊維</span></a></p>
grobi<p>How Stars Explode: <br>Four Ways to Make a Supernova</p><p>What makes a star go boom? By understanding supernovae – stellar explosions – scientists can unlock mysteries that are key to what we are made of and the fate of our universe.</p><p><a href="https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1493/kepler-beyond-planets-finding-exploding-stars/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1493/</span><span class="invisible">kepler-beyond-planets-finding-exploding-stars/</span></a></p><p>CREDIT<br>Jet Propulsion Laboratory</p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/supernova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>supernova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/ESA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ESA</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Using NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers uncovered a mysterious feature within the remnant, nicknamed the “Green Monster,” alongside a puzzling network of ejecta filaments forming a web of oxygen-rich material. When combined with X-rays from Chandra, the data helped astronomers shed light on the origin of the Green Monster and revealed new insights into the explosion that created Cas A about 340 years ago, from Earth’s perspective.</p><p><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/missions/chandra/nasas-chandra-releases-new-3d-models-of-cosmic-objects/#hds-sidebar-nav-1" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nasa.gov/missions/chandra/nasa</span><span class="invisible">s-chandra-releases-new-3d-models-of-cosmic-objects/#hds-sidebar-nav-1</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Astronomers Solve Mystery of ‘Green Monster’ Feature in Cassiopeia A | Sci.News<br>[...]<br>Although astronomers think that this happened around the year 1680, there are no verifiable historical records to confirm this.</p><p>A curious structure dubbed the Green Monster was first identified in infrared data from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope in April 2023, but its origin was not clear.</p><p>However, by combining the Webb data with X-rays from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, astronomers think they have hunted down the source of this feature.</p><p>“We already suspected the Green Monster was created by a blast wave from the exploded star slamming into material surrounding it. Chandra helped us clinch the case,” said Dr. Jacco Vink, an astronomer at the University of Amsterdam.</p><p>When a massive star exploded to create Cassiopeia A about 340 years ago, from Earth’s perspective, it created a ball of matter and light that expanded outward. In the outer parts of Cassiopeia A the blast wave is striking surrounding gas that was ejected by the star between about 10,000 and 100,000 years before the explosion.</p><p>That formed a favorable environment for dust formation after the ejected stellar material cooled down.</p><p>The Chandra data reveal hot gas, mostly from supernova debris including elements like silicon and iron, but also from energetic electrons spiraling around magnetic field lines in the blast wave.</p><p>These electrons light up as thin arcs near the blast wave, and also show up in parts of the interior.</p><p>Webb highlights infrared emission from dust that is warmed up because it is embedded in the hot gas seen by Chandra, and from much cooler supernova debris.</p><p>Despite this chaotic stellar scene, the Green Monster clearly stood out in the original Webb image.<br>[...]<br><a href="https://www.sci.news/astronomy/green-monster-feature-cassiopeia-a-12593.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">sci.news/astronomy/green-monst</span><span class="invisible">er-feature-cassiopeia-a-12593.html</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>[...]<br>Earlier in its lifetime, the star began fusing hydrogen and helium in its core into heavier elements through the process known as "nucleosynthesis." The energy made by the fusion of heavier and heavier elements balanced the star against the force of gravity. These reactions continued until they formed iron in the core of the star. At this point, further nucleosynthesis would consume rather than produce energy, so gravity then caused the star to implode and form a dense stellar core known as a neutron star.</p><p>The exact means by which a massive explosion is produced after the implosion is complicated, and a subject of intense study, but eventually the infalling material outside the neutron star was transformed by further nuclear reactions as it was expelled outward by the supernova explosion.</p><p>Chandra has repeatedly observed Cas A since the telescope was launched into space in 1999. The different datasets have revealed new information about the neutron star in Cas A, the details of the explosion, and specifics of how the debris is ejected into space.</p><p> * Credits:<br>NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the Chandra program for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, controls Chandra's science and flight operations.</p><p><a href="https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017/casa_life/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017</span><span class="invisible">/casa_life/</span></a></p><p> ** Note by grobi:<br>"To upload this video, I converted it and compressed it to a smaller file-size under linux with the free software ffmpeg and the corresponding command:</p><p>'ffmpeg -i video_in.mkv -vcodec libx265 -crf 28 video_out.mp4'</p><p>Maybe you would like to post a corresponding video on a scientifically related topic, but it is perhaps too big? Then try ffmpeg." </p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>[...]<br>X-ray telescopes such as Chandra are important to study supernova remnants and the elements they produce because these events generate extremely high temperatures — millions of degrees — even thousands of years after the explosion. This means that many supernova remnants, including Cas A, glow most strongly at X-ray wavelengths that are undetectable with other types of telescopes.</p><p>Chandra's sharp X-ray vision allows astronomers to gather detailed information about the elements that objects like Cas A produce. For example, they are not only able to identify many of the elements that are present, but how much of each are being expelled into interstellar space.</p><p>The Chandra data indicate that the supernova that produced Cas A has churned out prodigious amounts of key cosmic ingredients. Cas A has dispersed about 10,000 Earth masses worth of sulfur alone, and about 20,000 Earth masses of silicon. The iron in Cas A has the mass of about 70,000 times that of the Earth, and astronomers detect a whopping one million Earth masses worth of oxygen being ejected into space from Cas A, equivalent to about three times the mass of the Sun. (Even though oxygen is the most abundant element in Cas A, its X-ray emission is spread across a wide range of energies and cannot be isolated in this image, unlike the other elements that are shown.)</p><p>While the exact date is not confirmed <a href="https://chandra.harvard.edu/graphics/resources/illustrations/historicsnr_infograph.pdf" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">chandra.harvard.edu/graphics/r</span><span class="invisible">esources/illustrations/historicsnr_infograph.pdf</span></a>, many experts think that the stellar explosion that created Cas A occurred around the year 1680 in Earth's timeframe. Astronomers estimate that the doomed star was about five times the mass of the Sun just before it exploded. The star is estimated to have started its life with a mass about 16 times that of the Sun, and lost roughly two-thirds of this mass in a vigorous wind blowing off the star several hundred thousand years before the explosion. [...]</p><p><a href="https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017/casa_life/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017</span><span class="invisible">/casa_life/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Chandra Reveals Elementary Nature of Cassiopeia A</p><p>Where do most of the elements essential for life on Earth come from? The answer: inside the furnaces of stars and the explosions that mark the end of some stars' lives.</p><p>Astronomers have long studied exploded stars and their remains — known as "supernova remnants" — to better understand exactly how stars produce and then disseminate many of the elements observed on Earth, and in the cosmos at large.</p><p>Due to its unique evolutionary status, Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is one of the most intensely studied of these supernova remnants. A new image from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory shows the location of different elements in the remains of the explosion: silicon (red), sulfur (yellow), calcium (green) and iron (purple). Each of these elements produces X-rays within narrow energy ranges, allowing maps of their location to be created. The blue color shows high energy X-ray emission, and the blue outer ring in particular is a representation of the expanding blast wave.</p><p>X-ray telescopes such as Chandra are important to study supernova remnants and the elements they produce because these events generate extremely high temperatures — millions of degrees — even thousands of years after the explosion. This means that many supernova remnants, including Cas A, glow most strongly at X-ray wavelengths that are undetectable with other types of telescopes.</p><p>Chandra's sharp X-ray vision allows astronomers to gather detailed information about the elements that objects like Cas A produce. For example, they are not only able to identify many of the elements that are present, but how much of each are being expelled into interstellar space.</p><p><a href="https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017/casa_life/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017</span><span class="invisible">/casa_life/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Webb Reveals Never-Before-Seen Details in Cassiopeia A - NASA<br>[...]<br>Editor’s Note: The story below has been updated to clarify that the supernova was 340 years ago from Earth’s perspective.</p><p>The explosion of a star is a dramatic event, but the remains the star leaves behind can be even more dramatic. A new mid-infrared image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope provides one stunning example. It shows the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A (Cas A), created by a stellar explosion 340 years ago from Earth’s perspective. Cas A is the youngest known remnant from an exploding, massive star in our galaxy, which makes it a unique opportunity to learn more about how such supernovae occur.</p><p>“Cas A represents our best opportunity to look at the debris field of an exploded star and run a kind of stellar autopsy to understand what type of star was there beforehand and how that star exploded,” said Danny Milisavljevic of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, principal investigator of the Webb program that captured these observations.</p><p>“Compared to previous infrared images, we see incredible detail that we haven’t been able to access before,” added Tea Temim of Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey, a co-investigator on the program.</p><p>Cassiopeia A is a prototypical supernova remnant that has been widely studied by a number of ground-based and space-based observatories, including NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory. The multi-wavelength observations can be combined to provide scientists with a more comprehensive understanding of the remnant.<br>[...]<br>Perhaps most prominently, a loop represented in green extends across the right side of the central cavity. “We’ve nicknamed it the Green Monster in honor of Fenway Park in Boston. If you look closely, you’ll notice that it’s pockmarked with what look like mini-bubbles,” said Milisavljevic.<br>[...]</p><p><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/universe/webb-reveals-never-before-seen-details-in-cassiopeia-a/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nasa.gov/universe/webb-reveals</span><span class="invisible">-never-before-seen-details-in-cassiopeia-a/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Oct 18, 2019</p><p>The Tycho Supernova: Death of a Star - NASA<br> * Image Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/RIKEN & GSFC/T. Sato et al; Optical: DSS</p><p>Explanation:<br>In 1572, Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe was among those who noticed a new bright object in the constellation Cassiopeia. Adding fuel to the intellectual fire that Copernicus started, Tycho showed this “new star” was far beyond the Moon, and that it was possible for the universe beyond the Sun and planets to change.</p><p>Astronomers now know that Tycho’s new star was not new at all. Rather it signaled the death of a star in a supernova, an explosion so bright that it can outshine the light from an entire galaxy. This particular supernova was a Type Ia, which occurs when a white dwarf star pulls material from, or merges with, a nearby companion star until a violent explosion is triggered. The white dwarf star is obliterated, sending its debris hurtling into space.</p><p>In its two decades of operation, NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory has captured unparalleled X-ray images of many supernova remnants.</p><p>Chandra reveals an intriguing pattern of bright clumps and fainter areas in Tycho. What caused this thicket of knots in the aftermath of this explosion? Did the explosion itself cause this clumpiness, or was it something that happened afterward?</p><p><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/tycho-supernova-death-of-star/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nasa.gov/image-article/tycho-s</span><span class="invisible">upernova-death-of-star/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>"Obviously, the ancient document shown in the previous post is a testimony of the famous ancient supernova SN 1054"</p><p>The Crab Nebula is an expanding remnant of a star's supernova explosion. Japanese and Chinese astronomers recorded this violent event nearly 1,000 years ago in 1054 AD, as did likely the Native Americans. The glowing relic has been expanding since the star exploded, and it is now approximately 11 light-years in width.</p><p>Constellation: Taurus</p><p>Distance: 6,500 light-years (2.0 kiloparsecs)</p><p>Animation showing the Crab Supernova explosion and its remant.</p><p> * Animation Credit:<br>ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen)</p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>Guest star (astronomy)<br>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</p><p>In Chinese astronomy, a guest star (Chinese: pinyin: kèxīng) is a star which has suddenly appeared in a place where no star had previously been observed and becomes invisible again after some time. The term is a literal translation from ancient Chinese astronomical records.</p><p>Modern astronomy recognizes that guest stars are manifestations of cataclysmic variable stars: novae and supernovae. The term "guest star" is used in the context of ancient records, since the exact classification of an astronomical event in question is based on interpretations of old records, including inference, rather than on direct observations.</p><p>In ancient Chinese astronomy, guest stars were one of the three types of highly transient objects (bright heavenly bodies). The other two were comets with tails (Chinese: pinyin: huìxīng; lit. 'broom star') and comets without tails (Chinese: pinyin: beìxīng; lit. 'fuzzy star'), with the former term being used for all comets in modern astronomy. </p><p>The earliest Chinese record of guest stars is contained in Han Shu,the history of Han dynasty (206 BC – AD 220), and all subsequent dynastic histories had such records. These contain one of the clearest early descriptions consistent with a supernova, posited to be left over by object SN 185, thus identified as a supernova remnant of the exact year AD 185. Chronicles of the contemporary Europeans are more vague when consulted for supernovae candidates. Whether this was due to the weather or other reasons, astronomers have questioned why the remnant attributed to Chinese observations of a guest star in AD 1054 (see SN 1054) is missing from the European records. <br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_comet_observations_in_China" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historic</span><span class="invisible">al_comet_observations_in_China</span></a></p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guest_star_(astronomy)" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guest_st</span><span class="invisible">ar_(astronomy)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/China" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>China</span></a></p>
grobi<p>"The extreme temporary light emissions of a nova are often visible to the naked eye from Earth. Even with several spectacular visible phenomena, such as this night sky, the nova remains recognizable to the trained eye. Due to their short-term glow and later dimming, it seemed to earlier cultures as if there were celestial bodies that could appear and disappear out of nowhere. In ancient China, astronomers called these 'Guest Stars' More on this in the next post"</p><p>2021 August 16</p><p>Perseid Meteor, Red Sprites, and Nova RS Ophiuchus<br> * Image Credit & Copyright: Daniel Korona</p><p>Explanation: <br>This was an unusual sky. It wasn't unusual because of the central band the Milky Way Galaxy, visible along the image left. Most dark skies show part of the Milky Way. It wasn't unusual because of the bright meteor visible on the upper right. Many images taken during last week's Perseid Meteor Shower show meteors, although this Perseid was particularly bright. This sky wasn't unusual because of the red sprites, visible on the lower right. Although this type of lightning has only been noted in the past few decades, images of sprites are becoming more common. This sky wasn't unusual because of the nova, visible just above the image center. Novas bright enough to be seen with the unaided eye occur every few years, with pictured Nova RS Ophiuchus discovered about a week ago. What was most unusual, though, was to capture all these things together, in a single night, on a single sky. The unusual sky occurred above Zacatecas, Mexico.</p><p><a href="https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210816.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210816.ht</span><span class="invisible">ml</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>2021 August 22<br>The picture shows an illustration of binary star system RS Ophiuchus during a nova-causing explosion. </p><p>Explosions from White Dwarf Star RS Oph<br> * Illustration Credit & Copyright: David A. Hardy & PPARC<br><a href="https://www.astroart.org/hardy-profile" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">astroart.org/hardy-profile</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_Physics_and_Astronomy_Research_Council" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle</span><span class="invisible">_Physics_and_Astronomy_Research_Council</span></a></p><p>Explanation: <br>Spectacular explosions keep occurring in the binary star system named RS Ophiuchi. Every 20 years or so, the red giant star dumps enough hydrogen gas onto its companion white dwarf star to set off a brilliant thermonuclear explosion on the white dwarf's surface. At about 5,000 light years distant, the resulting nova explosions cause the RS Oph system to brighten up by a huge factor and become visible to the unaided eye. The red giant star is depicted on the right of the above drawing, while the white dwarf is at the center of the bright accretion disk on the left. As the stars orbit each other, a stream of gas moves from the giant star to the white dwarf. Astronomers speculate that at some time in the next 100,000 years, enough matter will have accumulated on the white dwarf to push it over the Chandrasekhar Limit, causing a much more powerful and final explosion known as a supernova. Starting early this month, RS Oph was again seen exploding in a bright nova.<br><a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001ApJ...558..323H/abstract" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001</span><span class="invisible">ApJ...558..323H/abstract</span></a></p><p><a href="https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210822.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210822.ht</span><span class="invisible">ml</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
grobi<p>2024 April 3</p><p>Unusual Nebula Pa 30<br> * Image Credit: NASA, ESA, USAF, NSF<br><a href="https://umanitoba.ca/science/physics-and-astronomy" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">umanitoba.ca/science/physics-a</span><span class="invisible">nd-astronomy</span></a><br><a href="https://physics.dartmouth.edu/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">physics.dartmouth.edu/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://www.nsf.gov/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">nsf.gov/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://www.af.mil/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">af.mil/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://www.esa.int/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">esa.int/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a><br><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">nasa.gov/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a>;<br> * Processing: G. Ferrand <a href="https://gillesferrand.github.io/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">gillesferrand.github.io/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> (U. Manitoba), J. English <a href="http://www2.physics.umanitoba.ca/u/english/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">http://</span><span class="ellipsis">www2.physics.umanitoba.ca/u/en</span><span class="invisible">glish/</span></a> (U. Manitoba), R. A. Fesen <a href="https://physics.dartmouth.edu/people/robert-fesen" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">physics.dartmouth.edu/people/r</span><span class="invisible">obert-fesen</span></a> (Dartmouth), C. Treyturik (U. Manitoba);<br> * Text: G. Ferrand & J. English</p><p>Explanation: <br>What created this unusual celestial firework? The nebula, dubbed Pa 30, appears in the same sky direction now as a bright "guest star" did in the year 1181. Although Pa 30's filaments look similar to that created by a nova (for example GK Per), and a planetary nebula (for example NGC 6751), some astronomers now propose that it was created by a rare type of supernova: a thermonuclear Type Iax, and so is (also) named SN 1181. In this model, the supernova was not the result of the detonation of a single star, but rather a blast that occurred when two white dwarf stars spiraled together and merged. The blue dot in the center is hypothesized to be a zombie star, the remnant white dwarf that somehow survived this supernova-level explosion. The featured image combines images and data obtained with infrared (WISE), visible (MDM, Pan-STARRS), and X-ray (Chandra, XMM) telescopes. Future observations and analyses may tell us more.</p><p><a href="https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240403.html" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240403.ht</span><span class="invisible">ml</span></a></p><p><a href="https://defcon.social/tags/space" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>space</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nova" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nova</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astrophotography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astrophotography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/astronomy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>astronomy</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/NASA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NASA</span></a> <a href="https://defcon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
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